Stove.



No. 851,280. l PATETED APR. 23, 1907.

. B. W. DODSON. v

STOVE.

' 'l we 7 Mnzen; H 0 l f/JM, u y

v l (l House u).

nu Nomus Pinks ca. wAsulNnroN. u. c.

PATENTED APR. 23, 1907.

B. W. DODSON. STOVE.

APPLIOATION FLED JULY 3,1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

lllllll. .r mi),

PATENTED APR. 23, 1907.

B. W. DODSON.

, sToVB. APPLICATION FILED JULY 3, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 851,280. A PATENTED APR. 23, 1907.

' 1s. W. DODSON.

lSTOVE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 3, 1906.V

THE NaRRls Finns co., wnsmNcroN, D. c,

BENJAMIN 1V. DODSON, OF GENEVA, ILLINOIS.

sTovE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 23, 190'7.

Application led July 3.1906. Serial No. 324,572.

To LZ/f w/wm it may concern:

Be it known that I, BnNJxuiN W. DoDsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Geneva, in the county of Kane and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stoves, of which thc following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in steel cooking ranges, and is designed primarily for the purpose of reducing the cost of manufacture and producing an economic structure, for burning various grades of fuel.

The prime object ofthe invention is to provide a specially constructed air heating chamber entirely surrounding the 'fire pot. Air exit openings are provided in the chamber at appropriate points to introduce a 4series of individual streams of heated air across the fire pot, to combine and mix wit-h a series of individual streams of heated air introduced through exit openings in a tapered chamber supported by the top of the stove.

A further object of the invention is to produce a stove for use in burning bituminous fuel, and which may be dismantled with little inconvenience, whereby it may be converted into a wood or hard coal burning stove.

In the construction and arrangement of the parts I have constantly had in view the necessity of arranging the details of construction to produce a steel range adapted for use in any locality to accommodate the various grades of fuel for cooking purposes.

To this end the invention also comprehends improvements in the specific details of construction and arrangement of parts, all of which will be hereinafter described and particularly pointed ou-t in the claims.

In the drawingswliigure 1 is a vertical section of my improved stove, taken through the fire pot. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2 2 of Eig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, with the air introducing` means used when burning bituminous fuel removed, and showing the structure adapted for burning wood. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the upper air heating chamber, parts being separated. Fig. 6 is a detail horizontal section of a portion of the 'fire pot lining to bring out more particularly the details of construction. F ig. 7is a detail section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 3.

The numeral 1, indicates a stove casing comprising a top 2 front 3, and sides 4 and o. The front 3, is provided with an outwardly extending opened feed chute 6, and hinged to the front of the top at 7, is a door 8. This construction provides a means whereby fuel may be introduced to thc fire pot from the front of the stove. The upper part 9, of a front lining section 10, is seated in a notch 11, in the chute 6, and the two faces of said latter portion and top 9, are in alignment to provide an uninterrupted inclined plane to direct fuel into the 'fire pot. The front lining section 10, is spaced from the front 3, and terminates a short distance from the ends 4 and 5, but the upper' portion 9, 'fits snugly the curved ends of the front 3. The space formed between the end walls and the front section 3, and the lining section 10, forms an air heating chamber l2, air beingintro duced thereto from the atmosphere through an opening 13, controlled by a damper 14, located under the feed chute. The lower edge of the front lining section 10, is notched at 15, to receive the edge portion 16, of a sub-grate 17, provided with a horizontal flange 1S, supported at the front on a flange 19, extending from the front 3. The horizontal flange 1S, and the edge portion 16, extends entirely around the fire pot, but the sides and end portions are somewhat lower than the front as clearly shown in Figs. 1 to 3.

The side 4, is provided with an extension 20, formed in its face with an opening 21, in which is hinged a door 22, for the introduction of logs, when it is desired to burn wood in place of bituminous, or hard coal. The opposite side 5, in line with the extension 20, is provided with a box like extension 23, to receive the ends of the logs, inserted through the opening 21. The end lining sections 24., are substantially alike and are spaced from the sides 4, and 5, to form a continuation of the air heating chamber 12, the ends of said sections of the linings fitting in seats 25, formed in the front lining section 10, and the rear lining section 26, by flanges 26a. The lower ends of the end lining sections 24, are formed with notches 27, similar to the notches 15, in lining section 10, and seated in these notches is the upper edge flange 16, of the sub-grate; the horizontal flange 13, formed at the ends of said sub-grate being supported on inwardly extending horizontal flanges on the sides 4, and 5, while the other ends of said sections extend outwardly and 'fit snugly against the sides 4, and 5, below the IOS IIO

top 2. The inner faces of the end lining sections have overhanging horizontal flanges 2, to form a series of passages for free circulation of air around the sides of the fuel.

The rear lining section 26, forms an important part of my invention, and the details of construction thereof are quite essential to the practical operation of the stove. It is provided at its upper edge with an overhanging liange 32, which rests on the top of an oven 33, While its lower end is notched at 34, to receive the edge 16, of the sub-grate, and on its rear, said rear section is provided with several lugs 35, to bear against the oven to properly space it therefrom. The space between the rear lining and the oven forms a continuation ofthe air heating chamber 12, the ends of the rear lining section, terminating a short distance from the sides of the stove. On the inner face of the rear lining section, and near the ends thereof are the flanges 26a, to form the seats 25, hereinbefore described. l/Vhen assembled the ends 38, of the lining sections 24, overlap the ends of the front and rear lining sections 10, and' 26, to form a neat and tight fire pot construction.

The rear lining section 26, is formed on its inner face with a series of horizontal overhanging flanges 39, and directly under these flanges with a series of tapering air exit openings 40, communicating with the chamber 12, and the fire pot. Below the sub-grate construction is the grate proper, indicated at 41, which may be of any preferred construction, but preferably composed of two concaveconvex rocking members 42, mounted in a frame 43. When the grate is positioned as shown in Fig. 1, the surface 42a, forms a continuation of the sub-grate 17, making a basket like grate construction. But when it is desired to burn Wood the convex surface 42h, of the grate is brought to the top to reduce the size of the lire pot. The fingers 17a, of the sub-grate depend toward the grate proper, and are spaced therefrom, which serves to admit air around the lower portion of the body of the fuel in the fire pot, air being admitted to the ash rpit 43a, through an opening, controlled by a damper 45.

The construction thus far described comprises an air heating chamber entirely surrounding the fire pot above the grate, to thoroughly heat the air before it is finally delivered to the fuel at the rear. From actual experience I find that the air delivered through the openings 40, is fed to and above the body of fuel with such force as to direct it almost entirely lacross the interior of the fire pot before the draft takes hold of it to draw it through the exit Hue 46, which very materially assists in igniting the gases drawn toward the exit flue. The air introduced at the bottom of the fuel from the ash pit, cooperates with the air introduced through the openings 40, and a thorough mixing action of air and gas takes place, to assist in creating approximately perfect combustion before the exit flue is reached.

The tendency of the streams of air introduced to the fire pot through the openings 40, to rise immediately, to the exit flue, under the influence of the draft, is counteracted by air introducing means located to direct streams of air downwardly in the -lire pot. The means I employ to accomplish this purpose comprises a front plate 47, and rear plate 4S, secured together at the ends at 49, to form a tapering air chamber 50. his chamber 50, is considerably wider at the top than at the bottom, so that as the air is introduced thereto, it becomes somewhat heated and congested before being delivered through exit openings 51, in the bottom. Air introduced downwardly in the fire pot is reversed by the draft, as clearly indicated by the arrows 52, and co-operates with the streams of air introduced through the openings 40,and retards the exit of the latter. On the outer ends of the front section 47, of the chamber 50, are notches 53, adapted to engage with a fastening' means 54, depending from the top 2, of the stove. In the top 2, is formed a seat 55, inV which the upper end of the air heating cha mber 50, fits, and is securely held therein by the fastening device 54. A series of openings 57, in the stove top 2, register with the air heating chamber 50, for the introduction of air to the latter, said o enings being controlled by a damper 58, w ereby the air introduced to the fire pot through the openings 51, may be entirely or partially cut ofl as may be found desirable.

For burning bituminous fuel the stove will be arranged as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, fuel being introduced through the chute, the air heating chamber forming the rear of the latter, which arrangement causes the air jets passing through the openings 51, to be distributed, partially to the green fuel, and partially 'to the incandescent mass of fuel in the fire pot. I find this essential, because when the green fuel first contacts with the incandescent mass in the hre pot, the gas is quickly liberated, and must be under control before the draft draws it to the exit flue 46, Therefore, the air jets from the openings 51, introduced in the path of the streams of air com- IOO ing from the openings 40, the latter streams From actual use I have found the air de-.

signed to improve combustion must be subjected to an extreme heating surface before it is used as a practical element to mix with the fuel, and with this in view, I find that by taking the air in at the front, and passing it entirely around the Y[ire box, by tine time it passes through the openings 40, it is heated to such a degree as to be of practical utility in improving the combustion, as it is necessarily heated to a point where it very readily (3o-operates with the combustion rising' from the mass of fuel. This important ellect I have also found is materially augmented by directing the air from the air leating chamber 50, across the line of the streams of air introduced from the exit openings 40; the location of the exit flue 46 5 and the drawing in of the air from the ash pit. These various currents of air coming into the fire pot as they do, cause an agitation and mixing of the gas and air, as will be readily understood. In dealing with the trade, I have also found that in order tlat a stove may be practical in all section of the country, it is essential that it be so arranged for use for bituminous fuel, hard coal, or Wood. Then using it for burning hard coal, the air heating chamber 50, is detached by releasing the attaching means 54, and removing it entirely from the fire pot, and substituting for the lining sections ordinary bricl lining sections not shown. Under these conditions it is not necessary to introduce air to the top of the fuel, nor is it essential that the heated air be delivered to the rear of the fire pot, since the air introduced through the ash pit is quite sufficient to give the desired results. For burning wood7 the end lining sections 4, and 5, are removed, also the air heating chamber 50, and if desired the front and rear lining sections 10 and 26. However, it is not absolutely necessary that the two latter sections be taken out, it being rather preferable that they remain in to protect the front 3, and the oven, but this is a matter of discretion With the attendant. Under these conditions, substantial logs of Wood may be burned in the fire pot by passing the same through the opening 21, its ends restin(T in the extension 23. The air from the ash pit is quite sufficient to promote combustion in the fire pot when the stove. is arranged for burning wood, as described.

Vhat I claim is 1. In a stove, the combination with a casing, av fire pot mounted in the casing and lcomposed vof a series of liningl sections spaced the tire pot and formed with a series of openings located to deflect the air introduced through the openings in the rear lining section, said latter air heating chamber forming one wall of the feed chute 2. In a stove, the combination with a lire po t, an air heating chamber surrounding the A.tire pot, and formed in the rear with a series of tapered air inlets, means for introducing air from the atmosphere to the air heating chamber, the streams of air introduced through the tapered openings in thc rear of the rlire pot being directed across said Vlire pot, an exit llue above the openings in the fire pot lining, an air heating chamber depending from the top of the stove and formed with openings below the exit (lue to deflect the streams of air coming through the 'fire pot openings, and means l'or introducing fuel to the fire pot in front of the depending air heating chamber.

In a stove, the combination with a casing, a fire pot within the casing, means for introducing a series of streams of air across the fire pot, a depending tapered. air heating chamber having exit openings at or near the bottom thereof, said depending air heating chamber being formed in sections, means for securing the sections together, previous to placing the air heating chamber in position in the casing, detachable means for securing the depending air heating chamber to the casing, a feed chute infront of the depending air heating chamber, and a door covering the chute.

4. In a stove, the combination with a cas-4 ing, a `fire pot within and spaced from the casing, said fire pot having a series of horizontal overhanging flanges and formed with openings below the flanges to introduce air from the air heating chamber across the l[ire pot, a depending air heating chamber formed with openings to introduce air downwardly in the path of the streams of air introduced across the fire pot, and a feed chute for introducing fuel in advance of the depending air heating chamber'.

5. In a stove, the combination with a casing, a Iire pot within the casing, means for introducing streams of air across the fire pot, an exit flue located at the upper end of and at the rear of the :tire pot, a feed chute located in front of the fire pot, the bottom of said feed chute being below the bottom of the exit flue, and a depending air heating chamber formed with openings for introducing air downwardly in the path of the streams of air introduced across the fire pot, the openings of the depending air heating chamber being located on a line between the bottom of the feed chute and the bottom of the exit flue, said air heating chamber being formed in sections, means for securing the sections together previous to positioning said air heat ing chamber in place in the casing, and means TOO IIO

for attaching and detaching the air heating chamber.

6. In a stove, the combination with a casing formed with an opening7 a fire pot within and spaced from the casing to form an air heating chamber entirely around said re pot, a damper co-operating with the opening in the casing to regulate the air introduced in the air heating chamber, over hanging iianges on the inner side of the ire pot7 said fire pot having tapered openings under the anges to inject streams of air across the hre pot, means for introducing individual stream s of air downwardly across the path of the streams of air coming from the tapered open ings, means for introducing air to the bottom of the lire pot, and an exit flue located above the tapered openings.

7. In a stove, the combination with a cas zo ing, a fire pot formed with tapering openings to inject streams of heated air across the interior of the fire pot7 a feed chuteI a depending air heating chamber formed with openings to introduce streams of air downwardly in the path of the streams of air coming from the tapered openings, the bottom of the air heating chamber being above the bottom edge of the chute to provide ample space to BENJAMIN W. DODSON. Titnessesz J No. IMIRIE, ELIZABETH L. MAGFATE. 

